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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of phys...
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Non -convertible debentures

Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs)

NCDs are financial instruments that are issued by companies to raise medium to long - term capital. NCDs are debt instruments with a fixed tenure and people who invest in these receive regular interest at a certain rate. 
Some debentures can be converted into shares after a certain point in time. This is done at discretion of owner. But this is impossible in case of NCDs, that's why it is known as Non - Convertible. 

NCDs are of two types:
a) Secured NCDs: The issuer pledges specific assets as collateral against defaults on the NCDs. 
b) Unsecured NCDs:No specific assets are pledged as security/collateral for the loan. 
The major players which raise funds through NCDs housing finance companies, gold loan companies and NBFCs.

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