Skip to main content

Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of phys...
Post a Comment

TAX

Tax
Meaning of tax : A tax is a compulsory payment by an individual,a family or a firm made to government for use in common interests of all without any claim for in return for contribution made . It has to be paid by the person on whom it is levied.It is considered as largest source of public revenue.It must be spent on general welfare  after it has been collected e.g municipal committee will spend on water, road , electricity and property taxes.

Objectives 
a) The most important objective of taxation is to increase government's income.As public expenditure rises,taxation is increased.
b) Taxes like income tax, property tax is to reduce the inequality of income between different sections of society.
c) In order to restrain people from consumption of intoxicants , heavy taxes are imposed to make them expensive.
d)Another objective of taxation is to promote exports and reduce imports so that burden of foreign exchange is kept to minimum.
e) Taxes are imposed in scarce resources like coal and petroleum,so that their export is discouraged by higher prices resulting from taxation.
f) Tax is imposed on particular area as a punishment for repeated loss of public property resulting from irresponsible behavior of citizens.

Features
a) Tax is a compulsory payment . Non payment to tax leads to punishment.
b) Tax involves some sacrifice to the tax payer.
c) Income collected through taxation is spent for public welfare.
d)The individual who pays tax cannot claim in equal amount of benefit in return.
e) Payment of tax is personal responsibility of an individual.
f) Tax imposition follows a legal procedure. It is levied in accordance with certain law.
g) It is contribution to revenue of government so that they can provide administrative services for governing the country.
h) It is levied according to legal procedure. Non tax payers are punished by the law.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

THE WORLD BANK

THE WORLD BANK Origin of the bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or The World Bank was established in 1945 under the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944 to assist in bringing about a smooth transition from a war time to peace time economy . Membership of the Fund The members of the International Monetary Fund are the members of IBRD. It had 180 members in 2015.If a country resigns its membership, it is required to pay back all the loans with interest on due dates. If the Bank incurs financial loss in the years in which member resigns, it is required to pay its share of loss on demand. Functions of the Bank a)To assist in the development of territories of its members by facilitating tthe investment of capital. b)To encourage the development of productive facilities and resources ib less development countries. c)To promote foreign investment by means of guarantees on participation in loans. d)To supplement private investment by providing finance for product...
Post a Comment
Read more

COMPONENTS AND TYPES OF ECONOMICS

COMPONENTS OF ECONOMICS a) Consumption : The study of consumption and consumer behaviour relates to the study of consumer where he has to allocate his means (income) on the purchase of goods and services so that his satisfaction can be maximised. b) Production : The study of production or producer behaviour relates to the study of producer where he has to choose such combinations of diferent inputs within given price which are least expensive so that he is able to maximise his cost of production . Also , how he choose to produce those goods and services within given prices ,the production of which offers him maximum revenue, so that his profit can be maximised c) Distribution :The study of distribution relates to study of how income is distributed among those who are the agents of production. Here, the agents of production refers to the owners of factors of production. There are 4 factors of production : 1) Land   - The income is distributed to the owners of land(used in product...
Post a Comment
Read more

CONCEPT OF ECONOMICS

ECONOMY Economy refers to a system of a particular area that shows how people of the concerned area earn money. It shows the nature of all the economic activities in that area.  ECONOMICS Economics has been derived from Greek words i.e "Oekos" and "nomos" .The former means a house and the latter means to manage . By combining the both it means managing a houshold. It refers to the study of how society choose to enjoy scarce resources that have alternatives uses. In other words, it is a social science that focuses on management of scarce resources in such a manner that both individual and society can attain maximum benefit. ECONOMIC PROBLEM It is the problem of choice or problem of allocation of scarce resources to their best alternative uses.  It mainly arises out of the given two facts: a) Resources are scarce . b)Resources are unlimited and have alternative uses.  ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES These are those activities which are related to how one can make use of scarce re...
Post a Comment
Read more