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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of phys...
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PRODUCTION FUNCTION

PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Meaning : The relationship between the input and resulting output is generally summed up in mathematical form which is called as production function.The word 'function ' in mathematics means the precise relationship that exists between one dependent variable and many independent variables. 
The production function formalised the relationship between the maximum quantity of output yielded by productive process and quantities of various inputs used in that process.
Production function thus studies the functional relationship between physical inputs and physical outputs of commodity. It is purely technical relationship between material output on one hand and material inputs on the other. It is expressed in terms of following equation:
                Qx =f(l, k)
It means that production of commodity X is the function of labour (l) and capital (k).

Fixed factors are those the application of which does not change with the change in output. Fixed factors like machines is there even when output is zero.
Variable factors are those application of which varies with the change in output. Labour is an example of variable factor. Variable factor is zero when output is zero, it increases as output increases.

Total product is the sum total of output produced by all the units of variable factor along with some constant amount of fixed factors used in the process of production.
                    TP = sum of all the units 
Marginal product refers to the change in total product when one more additional unit of variable factor is used.
                    MP = TPn -TP n-1
Average product is the physical output per unit of variable factor used in the process of production. 
                             
                AP =_TP / L_______
                          

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