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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of physical and
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ADVANTAGES OF MONEY

ADVANTAGES OF MONEY
a)Removal of Barter system difficulties - Money has helped in overcoming the difficulties of Barter system such as need for double coincidence of wants ,lack of common measure of value , lack of divisibility and many others.

b) Importance in socialist economy - Socialism is an economic system which is controlled and regulated by government so as to ensure welfare to the society . Money has helped the socialist economy in number of following given ways : 

1)Money acts as measure of value. The value of goods and services is expressed in terms of money .
2)Money performs the function of circulation as all buying and selling is done through money.
3)Money provides the Medium of payment when wages are paid to workers , entrepreneur receives loans  etc.
4)Money that is saved are used by state to expand production reserves and provide credit.
5)Working people receive a share of national product in terms of money according to their quality and quantity they expended.
6) Incentives are paid to workers in terms of money .
7)The individuals have freedom to spend their money on any consumption goods of their choice.
8)Money helps the state to evaluate economy activity of an enterprise.

c) Importance in capitalist economy - Capitalist economy is that economy in which competition and private ownership generally prevail and economic decisions are made by private enterprises. The importance of money in capitalist economy are given as follow : 

1)Money facilitates automatic working of market mechanism .
2)Money provides necessary motivation for economic progress.
3)The consumer's get their incomes in the form of money which give them variety of goods and services.
4)Money widens the size of market and promoting economic growth.
5)Money helps the producers to discover what people want and how much they want.
6)Selling prices,profits ,costs are all expressed in terms of money .
7)Money creates smooth and efficient exchange system in the economy.
8)It has encourages lending and borrowing activities.
9)It helps in distribution of national income among different factors of production.
10)Taxes,fees,services all are expressed in terms of money.
11)The process of capital formation is done with the help of money. 
12)Trade whether external or internal is carried out through the medium of money.

d) Importance in mixed economy - Mixed economy is that economy in which both private and public sectors coexist . Both the sectors strive to achieve economic growth and social welfare of the economy. The following are the importance of money in the mixed economy :

1)Expansion of money promotes liquidity and thus encourages savings and investment.
2)Money allocates savings into productive investment channels and thus helps in rational allocation of resources.
3)Money economy increases mobility of financial resources by enabling the transfer of funds from one sector to another.
4)Money helps in redistribution of income and wealth in favour of entrepreneurial classes.
5)Money helps in generating resources through the process of deficit financing.
6)Money helps in increasing aggregate demand and thus helps in fuller utilisation of manpower.
7)Money influences the decisions regarding production and resource allocation in private sector of mixed economy.
8)More and more money and monetary instrument are needed for monetisation of the economy.

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