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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of physical and
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MEANING AND TYPES OF BANK

MEANING AND TYPES OF BANK
Meaning of Bank : A Bank is an institution which deals with the money and credit. It accepts deposits from the public,makes the funds available to the needy and helps in transfer of money from one place to another. 

Features of the Bank 
a)It deals with money, it accepts deposits and advances loans.
b)It has the ability of creating credit system.
c)It is commercial institution which aims at earning profit.
d)It is financial institution that creates demand deposits which serve as a medium of exchange and as a result,the banks manages payment system of the country.

Types of Banks
a) Commercial Banks : The Banks which perform all kinds of banking business and finance trade and commerce are called as commercial banks. These Banks offer short term loans to businessman and traders but lately also offers medium term and long term loans.
b) Industrial Banks : Industrial Banks meet the medium term and long  term needs of the industries .These are also called as investment banks. In India, Industrial development bank, Industrial Finance Cooperation of India , State Finance Cooperation plays important role in the development of industries of our country.
c) Agricultural Banks : Agricultural Banks are those banks which provide finance  to meet long term loans for purchasing land,machinery equipment and short term loans to buy seeds,fertilizers. In India ,this is done by cooperative institution in case of short term loans and Land development banks in case of long term loans.
d) Exchange Banks : Exchange Banks deals in foreign exchange and specialise in financing foreign trade. They facilitate international payment through sale and purchase of bills of exchange .
e) Saving Banks : Saving Bank promotes Saving habit among the general public and mobilise their small savings. In India, this is done by Postal Saving banks.
f)Central Banks : Central Banks is the apex Institution which controls,regulates and supervise monetary and credit system of the country. It has the monopoly of issuing note. The Reserve Bank of India performs many other functions to promote economic development of the country.

Classification of the Bank
a)On the basis of ownership
1) Public sector bank are owned and controlled by the government .In India, nationalised banks and regional banks come under this category.
2)Private sector banks are owned by the private individuals or corporation.
3) Cooperative banks are operated on the cooperative lines .It plays an important role in meeting financial needs of the rural people.

b)On the basis of Domicile
1)Domestic banks are registered and Incorporated within the country.
2)Foreign banks are foreign in origin and gave their head offices in the country of origin.

c)On the basis of schedule
1) Schedule banks is that which has been included in second schedule of Reserve Bank of India Act 1934. It is cooperative society.
2)Non-Schedule banks are those banks which are not included in the second schedule of RBI.

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