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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of phys...
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Importance of studying NATIONAL INCOME

Importance of studying NATIONAL INCOME

a) Economic policy :National income figures are an important tool of macroeconomic analysis and policy. It's estimates are most comprehensive measures of aggregate economic activity in the economy. Through such estimates, it is easy to lay down future economic policy for development. 
B) Economic planning:National income statistics are most important tool for long term and short term economic planning. A country cannot frame a plan without having knowledge of national income. 
c) Economy's structure :National income statistics enable us to have clear ideas about the structure of economy. It enables us to know the importance of various sectors of economy and their contributions. This help in knowing how income is produced, distributed, spent, saved or taxed. 
D) Inflationary or deflationary gaps : National income enables us to have an idea of inflationary and deflationary gaps. For accurate and timely anti inflationary and deflationary policies, we need regular estimates of National income. 
e) Budget policies : National income helps the modern government to prepare their budgets and try to formulate anti cyclical policies according to facts revered by National income estimates. 
f) Expenditure : National income help in showing how national expenditure is divided between consumption amd investment expenditure. It enables us to provide for reasonable depreciation to maintain capital stock of community.
h) Distribution of grants in aid : National income helps in fair distribution og grants in aid by federal government to state government and other constituent units.
i) Standard of living comparison : National income helps us to compare the standards of living of people in different countries and of people living in same country at different times. 
j) International sphere :National income studies are important even in international spheres as these estimates not only help us to fix burden of international payments equitably amongst different nations but also enables to determine quotas of different countries to international organisations like UNO, IMF, IBRD etc.
h) Defence and development :National income estimates help us to divide national product between defence and development purpose. This helps in know how much can be spared for war by civilian population.
j) Public sector : National income figures enables to know relative roles of public and private sectors in the economy. If most of activities are played by the state, it can be easily known that public sector is playing dominant role.

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