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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of phys...
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REAL NATIONAL INCOME

 Real national income 

Real national income is a measure of goods and services at disposal of a country for consumption and investment. Changes in real national income register the real change in country's production. 

It can be obtained from money national income in two ways. 

Estimating national product at some fixed prices

In India, under revised series of national income accounting, we estimate national income at the prices of 1970-1971.

Using GNP deflator

In this, national income estimates at current prices are obtained. These are called nominal GNP estimates.then by selecting a base year whose price index number is already known. Comparing the base year price index with current year price index and obtain GNP deflator as

GNP deflator = current year price index/base year price index

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