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Land utilisation

  LAND UTILIZATION  Land is a scarce resource, whose supply is fixed for all practical purposes. At the same time, the demand for land for various competing purposes is continuously increasing with the increase in human population and economic growth.Land use pattern at any given time is determined by several factors including size of human and livestock population, the demand pattern, the technology in use, the cultural traditions, the location and capability of land, institutional factors like ownership pattern and rights scale regulation. Major Types of Land Utilization in India : As in all other countries, land in India is put to various uses. The utilization of land depends upon physical factors like topography, soil and climate as well as upon human factors such as the density of population, duration of occupation of the area,land tenure and technical levels of the people.There are spatial and temporal difference in land utilization due to the continued interplay of physical and
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PPV&FR Act,2001

Protection of plant varieties and farmers' rights Act, 2001 (PPV&FR)

•Under this act, the pepsi company has registered as a breeder of variety of potato. 
•Breeder right-A breeder can be person or group of farmers of any institution which has bred, evolved or developed any plant variety. And breeder of protected variety will have the right to produce, sell, market, distribute, export and import this kind of variety. 
•Farmers'right-A farmer shall be deemed to be entitled to save, use, sow, resow, exchange, share, sell his farm produce including seed of variety protected under this act in the same manner as he was entitled before coming into force of this act, provided that farmer shall not be entitled to sell braded seed of a variety protected under this. 
•There was around 12,000 farmers who were a part of the company's collabrative farming programme, wherein the company used to sell seeds to farmers and has an exclusive contract to buy back their produce. 
•In 2019,Pepsi company had moved to court against few farmers who were not part of its collaborative farming programme but were growing and selling potatoes of this variety in Gujrat. 
•Now, PPV&FR authority has revoked the company's registration for that variety of the potato. It has questioned the status of Registered Breeder. 
•In India, Plants and its varieties and seeds can be protected under protection of plant varieties and farmers'rights act, 2001 PPV&FR.

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